External Threats vs. Internal Cohesion
No nation, institution, or society collapses unless it first suffers from internal weaknesses. These weaknesses often arise from a failure to adhere to principles, internal divisions, corruption, or the erosion of core values that once formed the foundation of the entity. The history of Muslims, like any other people, reflects human nature, including contradictions and complexities. Shady deals and subversive actions by malicious actors have often left their mark on this history. These actions deviate from the practical and flexible solutions Islam offers for peace and stability across all aspects of life: social, political, and economic.
