:اعْلَمْ رَحِمَكَ اللهُ أَنَّه يَجِبُ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ وَمُسْلِمَةٍ، تَعَلُّمُ هَذِهِ المَسَائِل الثَّلاثِ ، والْعَمَلُ بِهِنَّ
Know that May Allah have Mercy upon you. It is obligatory upon every male and female Muslim to learn about the following 3 issues and to act upon them.
الأُولَى:أَنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَنَا، وَرَزَقَنَا، وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْنَا هَمَلًا، بَلْ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا، فَمَنْ أَطَاعَهُ دَخَلَ الجَنَّةَ، وَمَنْ عَصَاهُ دَخَلَ النَّارَ، وَالدَّلِيلُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولًا شَاهِدًا عَلَيْكُمْ كَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ رَسُولًا * فَعَصَى فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْنَاهُ أَخْذًا وَبِيلًا
[المزمل: 15، 16]
First Issue: Without a doubt Allah created us, gave us rizq and did not let us be for waste. Instead he sent to us a Prophet who would teach and call us towards Allah. He who follows those teachings will enter Jannah and the one who is disobedient will enter the Fire. The evidence for this is the saying of Allah:
Indeed, We have sent to you a Messenger as a witness upon you just as We sent to Pharaoh a messenger.
But Pharaoh disobeyed the messenger, so We seized him with a ruinous seizure. [Surah al-Muzammil, Ayat 15-16]
In this first issue the Sheikh mentions the actions of Allah which include our creation, giving us our rizq and sending to us a Messenger. Many actions of Allah have been mentioned in the Qur’an and Sunnah like Him bring the One to bring back from the dead, created the earth as a holding and the skies as a covering for us. All these actions fall under the Rububiyat of Allah. Allah is Alone in His Rububiyyah as there is no other Raziq or Mudabbir etc but Him. This Wahdaniyah of Allah is defined by using the term Tawheed. Tawheed Rububiyyah means that Allah is Alone and there is no partner whatsoever in these Actions.
Allah created and gave us all these things so that we are obedient to the Commands of Allah which are sent via the Messenger of Allah. The one who strives and follows them will attain the success of Jannah whereas the one who is disobedient and doesn’t follow will be punished by the Fire of Hell.
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said,
كُلُّ أُمَّتِي يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ، إِلاَّ مَنْ أَبَى
“All my followers will enter Paradise except those who refuse.”
They said, “O Allah’s Messenger ﷺ! Who will refuse?” He said,
مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ، وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ أَبَى.
“Whoever obeys me will enter Paradise, and whoever disobeys me is the one who refuses (to enter it).” [Sahih al-Bukhari]
With this hadith it has become crystal clear what the paths of Jannah and Jahannam are and what leads to it.
The Sheikh brings forth as evidence for this 2 ayat from Surah al-Muzammil. This teaches us that those who are obedient to the Messengers of Allah attain success but we also learn that for those who refuse and are disobedient then for them is the destination of Hell fire. The example of Pharaoh is a lasting example for all to ponder upon and learn from till the Day of Judgement. Allah has sent His Messengers so that they are to be followed and obeyed.
الثَّانِيَةُ: أَنَّ الله لا يَرْضَى أَنْ يُشْرَكَ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ فِي عِبَادَتِهِ، لا مَلَكٌ مُقَرَّبٌ، وَلا نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ؛ وَالدَّلِيلُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَأَنَّ الْمَسَاجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلاَ تَدْعُوا مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَدًا
[الجن: 18]
Second Issue: Without a doubt, Allah never agrees to have anyone set up as partners with Him in worship; be it those from among the close angels or the Messengers who have been sent.
The evidence for this is the saying of Allah:
And [He revealed] that the masjids are for Allah , so do not invoke with Allah anyone. [Surah Jinn, Ayah 18]
This entails the reason we were created. It is termed as Tawheed Uluhiyyah which means to single out Allah alone for all our acts of worship and reject all others. There is a strong connection between Tawheed Uluhiyyah and Rububiyyah. Rububiyyah teaches us that Allah alone has created us, provided for us and guided us etc. So by this, if Allah alone is the One who does this for us then it doesn’t make sense that we would direct our acts of worship to anyone except for Him. Tawheed Rububiyyah is an evidence in itself for Tawheed Uluhiyyah.
The Ayah of Surah Jinn teaches us that all that is done in a masjid aka all acts of worship should be directed towards Allah alone and that is without ascribing a partner or intermediary to Him. One should not call upon and supplicate to anyone except Allah no matter what the status anyone else might hold. A person could be the Messenger of Allah or even an angel, yet we never call upon them or use them as intermediaries to call upon Allah.
Ibadat are of many types, be it praying, fasting or even having the sense of fear or hope. Of these, one such act of worship is to make dua and that is what is especially highlighted and brought to our attention here. Why? One of the main sources of shirk today and even in the previous nations was because of dua and calling upon other than Allah. Some call upon other dieties, prophets, angels, graves, elders in the community and at times even those that are still alive. People even call upon jinns at times. Issue is that there are many who out of ignorance don’t even consider dua as an act of worship.
An-Nu’man bin Bashir reported: The Prophet ﷺ said,
الدعاء هو العبادة
“Du’a (supplication) is worship.” [Abu Dawud].
After establishing the first 2 points we move on to loving and hating for the sake of Allah which is known as al-Walaa wal Bara’a.
الثَّالِثَةُ: أَنَّ مَنْ أَطَاعَ الرَّسُولَ، وَوَحَّدَ اللهَ لا يَجُوزُ لَهُ مُوَالاةُ مَنْ حَادَّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ، وَلَوْ كَانَ أَقْرَبَ قَرِيبٍ؛ وَالدَّلِيلُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: لاَ تَجِدُ قَوْمًا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَانَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُوْلَئِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الإِيمَانَ وَأَيَّدَهُم بِرُوحٍ مِّنْهُ وَيُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ أُوْلَئِكَ حِزْبُ اللَّهِ أَلاَ إِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
[المجادلة: 22]
Third Issue: The one who obeys the commandments of the Prophet of Allah, and submitted to the Tawheed in Allah, then it is not permissible for such a person to love such a person who opposes Allah and His Messenger even though it may be a close friend/relative. The evidence for this is the saying of Allah:
You will not find a people who believe in Allah and the Last Day having affection for those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers or their sons or their brothers or their kindred. Those – He has decreed within their hearts faith and supported them with spirit from Him. And We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide eternally. Allah is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him – those are the party of Allah . Unquestionably, the party of Allah – they are the successful. [Surah al-Mujadilah, Ayah 22]
Those who do shirk and kufr, then it is incumbent upon a true believer to hate this and distance himself from such. It is impossible that a heart can contain the love of Allah and His Messenger alongwith the love of those who are the enemies of Allah. Allah in the above Ayah has mentioned the closest of relations that a person can have and told us that the love of Allah and His Messenger cannot be opposed even by such close people if they are the enemies of Allah. If a person does have patience, struggles and chooses Allah over all others then these are the people who will have Iman written upon their hearts and will be admitted into Jannah and will be pleased with them. Such are the true people of Allah. This is indeed a really high praise and is not something that can be easily attained.
Tawheed cannot be complete unless a person hates that which is hated by Allah and loves that which is loved by Allah.
DISCLAIMER: The following is based on the commentary of the three fundamental of Islam by Sheikh Abu Bakar al-Mukhtar Ahmad in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Sheikh Abu Bakar is a graduate from the Kulliyah of Shariyyah, Dar al-Hadith al-Khairiyyah in Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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